Allergy and vertigo are common conditions seen in ENT practice.
Allergies mainly affect the nose and airways, while vertigo is a balance disorder related to the inner ear. Both conditions can significantly affect daily life and require proper diagnosis and management.

What is Allergy?
An allergy occurs when the immune system reacts abnormally to harmless substances such as pollen, dust, mold, or certain foods.
In ENT, allergies often present as nasal and sinus problems.

Common Symptoms

• Sneezing and runny nose
• Nasal congestion or blockage
• Itchy eyes, nose, or throat
• Watery eyes
• Postnasal drip and coughing
• Recurrent sinus infections

Diagnosis and Treatment

• Clinical examination and allergy testing (skin prick or blood tests)
• Antihistamines and nasal sprays
• Allergen avoidance strategies
• Immunotherapy (allergy shots or drops) for long-term relief

What is Vertigo?

Vertigo is the sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by inner ear problems that affect balance.
It may be temporary or chronic depending on the underlying cause.

Common Causes

• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) – caused by dislodged crystals in the inner ear
• Vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis – viral infection affecting the inner ear
• Meniere’s disease – inner ear fluid imbalance
• Migrainous vertigo – associated with migraine attacks

Common Symptoms

• Spinning sensation or dizziness
• Loss of balance or unsteadiness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
• Hearing loss (in some cases)

Diagnosis and Treatment

• ENT evaluation with balance tests and hearing assessments
• Positional maneuvers (Epley or Semont) for BPPV
• Medications to reduce dizziness and nausea
• Lifestyle changes, salt restriction, or diuretics for Meniere’s disease
• Vestibular rehabilitation exercises for chronic balance issues

• Allergies, if untreated, may lead to chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, or asthma.
• Vertigo affects balance and daily functioning, increasing the risk of falls.
• Early diagnosis and treatment by an ENT specialist improve outcomes and quality of life.